Microorganisms are the major sources of enzymes and other biologically active molecules. For example, bacteria, yeasts and fungi produce a large number of enzymes that can be used in washing processes, in food production and in biofuel development.
In addition, microorganisms can produce a variety of antibiotic and UV protective agents as well as other molecules for the pharmaceutical industry. In particular, microorganisms that come from extreme environments have attracted attention.
As an example, microorganisms from hot environments produce enzymes that may be used in hot biofuel processes, and cold-active organisms produce enzymes that can be used for cold water washing or for production of lactose-free milk and other dairy products in cold processes that preserve hygiene, taste and aroma.
