The largest source of the emission of CO₂ is the energy sector, which includes the combustion of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas. Energy industries is a dominant source contributing 33 % of the total CO₂ emission. The transport sector contributes 37.5 %. The CO₂ emission (excl. LULUCF) decreased by 6.0 % from 2016 to 2017. The main reason for this decrease is decreasing emissions from energy industries due to a decrease in the consumption of fossil fuels. Emissions from the transport sector increased as did emissions from industrial processes mainly driven by increased activity in cement production. In general, CO₂ emissions fluctuate significantly as a result of the electricity trade with neighbouring countries. In 2017, the actual CO₂ emission (excl. LULUCF, incl. indirect CO₂) was 35.9 % less than the emission in 1990.

CO₂ emission, 2017

(For background data click here)

Links to detailed background data for greenhouse gas emissions can be found under "Supporting documentation".