Abstract: Bacterial infections are increasingly caused by, previously sensitive, bacteria now highly resistant to antibiotics. Terms like MRSA and ESBL are becoming common expressions. But where does this resistance come from? The importance of the origin of resistance have caused many to look for resistance in odd places. Resulting in HIGHLY cited papers e.g. D’costa paper where the authors find genes that look somewhat like modern genes giving resistance in 30K year old permafrost soil. But how can that be?? By investigating DNA sequences I will try to argue that these findings are questionable, and why it is important to study the mobile genepool instead of the whole genepool in different environments.